Zaid bin Arqam said: “We were participating in a battle along with the Messenger of Allah, and there were some people from the Bedouins with us. So we all rushed toward some water and the Bedouins raced us to it. One of the Bedouins beat his companions to it and he (tried to obstruct) the pond, he placed rocks around it and he put a leather sheet over it until his companions came.” He said: “A man among the Ansar reached the Bedouin and he dropped the reigns of his camel to drink, but the Bedouin would not allow him. So he started removing the barriers around the water, but the Bedouin raised a stick beating the Ansari man on the head, and smashed it. He went to Abdullah bin Ubayy, the head of the hypocrite, to inform him – he was in fact one of his companions. So Abdullah bin Ubayy became enraged, the he said: ‘Do not spend anything on whoever is with Muhammad until they depart.’ Meaning the Bedouins. They were preparing food for the Messenger of Allah. So Abdullah said: ‘When they depart from Muhammad, then bring Muhammad some food, and let him and whoever is with him eat it.’ Then he said to his companions: ‘If we return to Al-Madinah, indeed the more honorable will expel therefrom the meaner.’” Zaid said: “And I was riding behind the Messenger of Allah, and I had heard Abdullah bin Ubayy, so I informed my uncle who went to tell the Messenger of Allah. He sent a message to him (Abdullah) but he took an oath and denied it.” He said: “So the Messenger of Allah accepted what he said and did not believe me. So my uncle came to me and said: ‘You only wanted the Messenger of Allah to hate you, and the Muslims to say that you lied.’” He said: “I suffered such worry as has not been suffered by anyone else.” He said: “(Later) while I was on the move with the Messenger of Allah on a journey, my mind was relieved of worry, since the Messenger of Allah came to me and rubbed my ear and smiled in my face. I would never be happier than with that as long as the world remained. Then Abu Bakr caught up to me, and said: ‘What did the Messenger of Allah say to you?’ I said: ‘He did not say anything to me, he only rubbed my ear and smiled in my face.’ He said: ‘Receive the good news!’ Then Umar caught up with me and I said the same to him as I had said to Abu Bakr. In the morning the Messenger of Allah recited Surat Al-Munafiqin.”
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُوسَى، عَنْ إِسْرَائِيلَ، عَنِ السُّدِّيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي سَعْدٍ الْأَزْدِيِّ، حَدَّثَنَا زَيْدُ بْنُ أَرْقَمَ، قَالَ: غَزَوْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَكَانَ مَعَنَا أُنَاسٌ مِنَ الْأَعْرَابِ فَكُنَّا نَبْتَدِرُ الْمَاءَ، وَكَانَ الْأَعْرَابُ يَسْبِقُونَّا إِلَيْهِ، فَسَبَقَ أَعْرَابِيٌّ أَصْحَابَهُ فَسَبَقَ الْأَعْرَابِيُّ، فَيَمْلَأُ الْحَوْضَ وَيَجْعَلُ حَوْلَهُ حِجَارَةً وَيَجْعَلُ النِّطْعَ عَلَيْهِ حَتَّى يَجِيءَ أَصْحَابُهُ، قَالَ: فَأَتَى رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ أَعْرَابِيًّا فَأَرْخَى زِمَامَ نَاقَتِهِ لِتَشْرَبَ، فَأَبَى أَنْ يَدَعَهُ، فَانْتَزَعَ قِبَاضَ الْمَاءِ، فَرَفَعَ الْأَعْرَابِيُّ خَشَبَتَهُ فَضَرَبَ بِهَا رَأْسَ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ فَشَجَّهُ، فَأَتَى عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ أُبَيٍّ رَأْسَ الْمُنَافِقِينَ فَأَخْبَرَهُ، وَكَانَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ، فَغَضِبَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أُبَيٍّ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: لَا تُنْفِقُوا عَلَى مَنْ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ حَتَّى يَنْفَضُّوا مِنْ حَوْلِهِ يَعْنِي الْأَعْرَابَ، وَكَانُوا يَحْضُرُونَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عِنْدَ الطَّعَامِ، فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ: إِذَا انْفَضُّوا مِنْ عِنْدِ مُحَمَّدٍ فَأْتُوا مُحَمَّدًا بِالطَّعَامِ فَلْيَأْكُلْ هُوَ وَمَنْ عِنْدَهُ، ثُمَّ قَالَ لِأَصْحَابِهِ: لَئِنْ رَجَعْتُم إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ لَيُخْرِجَنَّ الْأَعَزُّ مِنْهَا الْأَذَلَّ، قَالَ زَيْدٌ: وَأَنَا رِدْفُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، قَالَ: فَسَمِعْتُ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ أُبَيٍّ، فَأَخْبَرْتُ عَمِّي، فَانْطَلَقَ فَأَخْبَرَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَحَلَفَ وَجَحَدَ، قَالَ: فَصَدَّقَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَكَذَّبَنِي، قَالَ: فَجَاءَ عَمِّي إِلَيَّ، فَقَالَ: مَا أَرَدْتَ إِلَّا أَنْ مَقَتَكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَكَذَّبَكَ وَالْمُسْلِمُونَ، قَالَ: فَوَقَعَ عَلَيَّ مِنَ الْهَمِّ مَا لَمْ يَقَعْ عَلَى أَحَدٍ، قَالَ: فَبَيْنَمَا أَنَا أَسِيرُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي سَفَرٍ، قَدْ خَفَقْتُ بِرَأْسِي مِنَ الْهَمِّ إِذْ أَتَانِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَعَرَكَ أُذُنِي وَضَحِكَ فِي وَجْهِي، فَمَا كَانَ يَسُرُّنِي أَنَّ لِي بِهَا الْخُلْدَ فِي الدُّنْيَا، ثُمَّ إِنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ لَحِقَنِي، فَقَالَ: مَا قَالَ لَكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ؟ قُلْتُ: مَا قَالَ لِي شَيْئًا إِلَّا أَنَّهُ عَرَكَ أُذُنِي وَضَحِكَ فِي وَجْهِي، فَقَالَ: أَبْشِرْ، ثُمَّ لَحِقَنِي عُمَرُ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ: مِثْلَ قَوْلِي لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ، فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحْنَا قَرَأَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ سُورَةَ الْمُنَافِقِينَ . قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى: هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ.
Explanation
تفسير الحديث
This hadith narrates an incident that occurred during the time of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) during a campaign (ghazwah). The story contains various lessons and social-political dimensions concerning the lives of early Muslims, especially about how they interacted with each other and the Bedouins. The hadith reflects a tone of criticism and the challenges faced by Muslims due to their differing temperaments and cultures, highlighted by the expected anger from individuals like Abdullah ibn Ubayy ibn Salul, who pretended to be a Muslim while being a hypocrite at heart. It also discusses the importance of unity among Muslims and the impact of rumors and divisions on society, as well as how the Prophet (peace be upon him) supported his companions and encouraged them to maintain hope and trust in Allah and His promises. The conclusion showcases the Prophet's ability to handle difficult situations and foster understanding among people, thus making them more cohesive. His blessings and optimism served as a source of reassurance for his companions during dire times, urging patience and positivity, even in the face of adversity.
هذا الحديث يروي قصة حدثت في زمن النبي محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم حينما كانوا في غزوة. تحتوي القصة على عدة دروس وأبعاد اجتماعية وسياسية تتعلق بحياة المسلمين الأوائل، خصوصًا في كيفية تعاملهم مع بعضهم البعض ومع الأعراب. يتناول الحديث نبرة من الانتقاد والتحديات التي واجهها المسلمون بسبب اختلاف طبائعهم وثقافاتهم، حيث يظهر الغضب المتوقع من بعض الأفراد مثل عبد الله بن أبي بن سلول الذي كان من المتظاهرين بالإسلام وهو منافق في باطنه. يتحدث الحديث كذلك عن أهمية الوحدة بين المسلمين وأثر الشائعات والانقسام على المجتمع، وكيف أن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم كان يدعم أصحابه ويشجعهم على الأمل والثقة في الله ووعوده. تُظهر النهاية كيف أن الرسول صلى الله عليه وسلم كان لديه القدرة على احتواء المواقف الصعبة والوصول إلى تفاهم بين الناس، مما جعلهم أكثر تماسكًا. إن بركة النبي وتفاؤله كانت مصدر اطمئنان لأصحابه في أحلك الأوقات، مما يدعو إلى التمسك بالصبر والإيجابية، حتى في وجه الشدائد.
Source: Jami' Al-Tirmidhi by Abu `Isa Muhammad at-Tirmidhi