Narrated Ibn 'Abbas: Abu Talib fell ill, so the Quraish went to see him, and the Prophet (ﷺ) went to see him. There was a gathering there with Abu Talib, so Abu Jahl stood up enraged, to prevent him (the Prophet (ﷺ) from entering). He said: He complained to Abu Talib. So he (Abu Talib) said: 'O my nephew! What is it that you want from your people?' He said: 'I only want one word from them, for which, if they were to say it, then the Arabs will become their followers, and the non-Arabs will pay Jizyah to them.' He said: 'One word?' He replied: 'One word.' So he said: 'O uncle! Let them say La Ilaha Illallah' so they replied: 'One God? We have not heard (the like) of this in the religion of these later days. This is nothing but an invention.' He said: So the (following) was revealed in the Qur'an about them: 'Sad. By the Qur'an full of reminding. Those who disbelieve are in false pride and opposition...' up to His saying: 'We have not heard (the like) of this in the religion of these later days. This is nothing but an invention (38:1-7).'
حَدَّثَنَا مَحْمُودُ بْنُ غَيْلَانَ، وَعَبْدُ بْنُ حميد، المعنى واحد، قَالَا: حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو أَحْمَدَ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ يَحْيَى، قَالَ عَبْدٌ هُوَ ابْنُ عَبَّادٍ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، عَنْ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ: مَرِضَ أَبُو طَالِبٍ فَجَاءَتْهُ قُرَيْشٌ، وَجَاءَهُ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَعِنْدَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ مَجْلِسُ رَجُلٍ، فَقَامَ أَبُو جَهْلٍ كَيْ يَمْنَعَهُ وَشَكَوْهُ إِلَى أَبِي طَالِبٍ، فَقَالَ: يَا ابْنَ أَخِي، مَا تُرِيدُ مِنْ قَوْمِكَ، قَالَ: إِنِّي أُرِيدُ مِنْهُمْ كَلِمَةً وَاحِدَةً تَدِينُ لَهُمْ بِهَا الْعَرَبُ وَتُؤَدِّي إِلَيْهِمْ الْعَجَمُ الْجِزْيَةَ ، قَالَ: كَلِمَةً وَاحِدَةً ؟ قَالَ: كَلِمَةً وَاحِدَةً ؟ قَالَ: يَا عَمِّ، قُولُوا: لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ ، فَقَالُوا: إِلَهًا وَاحِدًا: مَا سَمِعْنَا بِهَذَا فِي الْمِلَّةِ الآخِرَةِ إِنْ هَذَا إِلا اخْتِلاقٌ سورة ص آية 7، قَالَ: فَنَزَلَ فِيهِمُ الْقُرْآنُ: ص وَالْقُرْءَانِ ذِي الذِّكْرِ 1 بَلِ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا فِي عِزَّةٍ وَشِقَاقٍ 2 إِلَى قَوْلِهِ مَا سَمِعْنَا بِهَذَا فِي الْمِلَّةِ الآخِرَةِ إِنْ هَذَا إِلا اخْتِلاقٌ سورة ص آية 1 ـ 7. قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى: هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ، وَرَوَى يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ، عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ نَحْوَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ، وَقَالَ يَحْيَى بْنُ عِمَارَةَ.
Explanation
تفسير الحديث
This hadith narrates the situation of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) with his uncle Abu Talib during his illness before his death. Abu Talib was a protector of the Prophet against the Quraysh, and the Prophet approached him to ask for a single word from the Quraysh people, which was the word of monotheism "There is no god but Allah." He believed this would unify the Arab tribes and secure their interests, but it was met with rejection, being perceived as a novel or fabricated claim. This exemplifies the challenges the Prophet faced in his calling and underscores the significance of the call to monotheism and its impact on society. Quranic verses descended addressing the disbelievers' dismissal of this proclamation, highlighting the severity of disbelief in monotheism.
هذا الحديث يتحدث عن موقف النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم مع عمّه أبو طالب عندما كان في مرض الموت. أبو طالب كان يحمي النبي من قريش، وقد جاءه النبي ليطلب من قريش كلمة واحدة، وهي كلمة التوحيد "لا إله إلا الله"، التي كانت ستجمع القبائل العربية وتحفظ مصالحهم، لكنها قوبلت بالرفض وكأنها اختراع أو إدعاء جديد في الدين. يُظهر ذلك مدى التحدي الذي واجهه النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم في دعوته، وأيضًا يبين أهمية الدعوة للتوحيد وأثرها على المجتمع. وقد نزلت آيات من القرآن تتحدث عن تجاهل الكافرين لهذا القول، مما يدل على خطورة عدم الإيمان بالتوحيد.
Source: Jami' Al-Tirmidhi by Abu `Isa Muhammad at-Tirmidhi