Narrated Ibn 'Abbas: I heard 'Umar bin Al-Khattab saying: 'When 'Abdullah bin Ubayy died, the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) was called to perform the funeral prayer over him. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) came to him, and when he stood over him, about to perform the prayer, he turned until he was standing at his chest. I said: O Messenger of Allah! (You pray) for Allah's enemy 'Abdullah bin Ubayy, who on this day said this and that - mentioning different days. He said: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) was smiling until I had said too much to him and he said: 'Leave me O 'Umar! Indeed I have been given the choice, so I chose. I was told: Whether you ask forgiveness for them, or do not ask for forgiveness for them. Even though you ask for their forgiveness seventy times, Allah will not forgive them (9:80). If I knew that were I to ask more than seventy times that he would be forgiven, then I would do so. He said: Then he performed the Salat for him and walked with him (his funeral procession) and he stood at his grave until it was finished. I was amazed at myself and my daring to talk like that to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), while Allah and His Messenger (ﷺ) know better. But by Allah! It was not long until these two Ayat were revealed: 'And never pray for any of them who dies nor stand at his grave... (9:84) until the end of the Ayah. He said: So afterwards the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) did not perform the Salat for a hypocrite, nor would he stand at his grave until Allah took him.
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ سَعْدٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاق، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَال: سَمِعْتُ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ، يَقُولُ: لَمَّا تُوُفِّيَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أُبَيٍّ، دُعِيَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لِلصَّلَاةِ عَلَيْهِ، فَقَامَ إِلَيْهِ فَلَمَّا وَقَفَ عَلَيْهِ يُرِيدُ الصَّلَاةَ تَحَوَّلْتُ حَتَّى قُمْتُ فِي صَدْرِهِ، فَقُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، أَعَلَى عَدُوِّ اللَّهِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أُبَيٍّ الْقَائِلِ يَوْمَ كَذَا وَكَذَا كَذَا وَكَذَا يَعُدُّ أَيَّامَهُ، قَالَ: وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَتَبَسَّمُ، حَتَّى إِذَا أَكْثَرْتُ عَلَيْهِ، قَالَ: أَخِّرْ عَنِّي يَا عُمَرُ، إِنِّي خُيِّرْتُ فَاخْتَرْتُ قَدْ قِيلَ لِي: اسْتَغْفِرْ لَهُمْ أَوْ لا تَسْتَغْفِرْ لَهُمْ إِنْ تَسْتَغْفِرْ لَهُمْ سَبْعِينَ مَرَّةً فَلَنْ يَغْفِرَ اللَّهُ لَهُمْ سورة التوبة آية 80 لَوْ أَعْلَمُ أَنِّي لَوْ زِدْتُ عَلَى السَّبْعِينَ غُفِرَ لَهُ لَزِدْتُ، قَالَ: ثُمَّ صَلَّى عَلَيْهِ وَمَشَى مَعَهُ فَقَامَ عَلَى قَبْرِهِ حَتَّى فُرِغَ مِنْهُ قَالَ: فَعَجَبٌ لِي وَجُرْأَتِي عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَاللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَعْلَمُ، فَوَاللَّهِ مَا كَانَ إِلَّا يَسِيرًا حَتَّى نَزَلَتْ هَاتَانِ الْآيَتَانِ وَلا تُصَلِّ عَلَى أَحَدٍ مِنْهُمْ مَاتَ أَبَدًا وَلا تَقُمْ عَلَى قَبْرِهِ سورة التوبة آية 84 إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ، قَالَ: فَمَا صَلَّى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَعْدَهُ عَلَى مُنَافِقٍ، وَلَا قَامَ عَلَى قَبْرِهِ حَتَّى قَبَضَهُ اللَّهُ ، قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى: هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ غَرِيبٌ.
Explanation
تفسير الحديث
This hadith narrates an incident that occurred after the death of Abdullah ibn Ubay, who was known as a hypocrite in Medina. The hadith recounts how the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, was called to pray for him, but Umar ibn Al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him, intervened and reminded the Prophet of the actions and statements of Abdullah ibn Ubay that reflected his hypocrisy. When Umar continued to speak, the Prophet smiled and then said that he had been given a choice to seek forgiveness or not, and chose to seek forgiveness. However, later, verses were revealed from Surah Al-Tawbah that prohibited the Prophet from praying for the hypocrites and standing by their graves. As a result, the Prophet did not pray after that for any hypocrite or stand by their graves. This hadith emphasizes the importance of recognizing who the hypocrites are and avoiding supplication for them. It also highlights the mercy of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, in his efforts to seek forgiveness, even for the hypocrites, and underscores the need to adhere to God's commands.
هذا الحديث يروي قصة حدثت بعد وفاة عبد الله بن أبي، الذي كان من المنافقين في المدينة. يذكر الحديث كيف دعا رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم للصلاة عليه، لكن عمر بن الخطاب رضي الله عنه تدخل وقال للرسول ما فعله عبد الله بن أبي من عبارات تعكس نفاقه. وعندما زاد عمر في حديثه، أكد رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم أنه قد خيّر في ذلك وأنه استغفر له ثم مضى للصلاة عليه. لكن بعد ذلك، أنزل الله آيات من سورة التوبة التي تحظر عليه صلى الله عليه وسلم الصلاة على المنافقين والقيام على قبورهم. وبالتالي، لم يصل رسول الله بعد ذلك على أي منافق أو يقف على قبره. هذا الحديث ينم عن أهمية معرفة من هم المنافقون وعدم الدعاء لهم، كما يبرز عظمة رحمة رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم وسعيه للمغفرة حتى في حالة المنافقين. ويُظهر كذلك الحذر من صدور الأفعال أو العبارات التي قد تكون مناقضة لما أمر به الله.
Source: Jami' Al-Tirmidhi by Abu `Isa Muhammad at-Tirmidhi