Narrated Az-Zuhri: From 'Ubaid bin As-Sabbaq, that Zaid bin Thabit narrated to him, he said: 'Abu Bakr As-Siddiq sent for me - (regarding) those killed at Al-Yamamah - and 'Umar bin Al-Khattab was with him. He (Abu Bakr) said: 'Umar came to me and said: The fighting inflicted many casualties among the reciters of the Qur'an on the Day of Al-Yamamah, and I fear that there will be more casualties among the reciters in other parts of the land, such that much of the Qur'an may be lost. In my view, you should order that the Qur'an be collected.' Abu Bakr said to 'Umar: How can I do something which was not done my the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ)? 'Umar said: 'By Allah! It is something good.' 'Umar continued trying to convince me until Allah opened up my chest to that which He had opened the chest of 'Umar, and I saw it as he saw it. Zaid said: 'Abu Bakr said: You are a young wise man, and we have no suspicions of you. You used to write down the Revelation for the Messenger of Allah as the Qur'an was revealed. He (Zaid) said: 'By Allah! If they had ordered to move one of the mountains it would have been lighter on me than that.' He said: 'I said: How will you do something which was not done by the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ)? Abu Bakr said: By Allah! It is something good. Abu Bakr and 'Umar continued trying to convince me, until Allah opened up my chest for that, just as He had opened their chests, the chest of Abu Bakr and the chest of 'Umar. So I began searching for Qur'anic material from parchments, leaf stalks of date-palms and Al-Likhaf - meaning stones - and the chests of men. I found the end of Surah Bara'ah with Khuzaimah bin Thabit: Verily, there has come to you a Messenger from among yourselves. It grieves him that you should receive any injury or difficulty. He is eager for you; for the believers (he is) full of pity, kind, and merciful. But if they turn away, say: Allah is sufficient for me. There is no god but He, in Him I put my trust, and He is the Lord of the Mighty Throne (9:128 & 129).'
حَدَّثَنَا حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ، حَدَّثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ السَّبَّاقِ، أَنَّ زَيْدَ بْنَ ثَابِتٍ حَدَّثَهُ، قَالَ: بَعَثَ إِلَيَّ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقُ مَقْتَلَ أَهْلِ الْيَمَامَةِ، فَإِذَا عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ عِنْدَهُ، فَقَالَ: إِنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ قَدْ أَتَانِي، فَقَالَ: إِنَّ الْقَتْلَ قَدِ اسْتَحَرَّ بِقُرَّاءِ الْقُرْآنِ يَوْمَ الْيَمَامَةِ، وَإِنِّي لَأَخْشَى أَنْ يَسْتَحِرَّ الْقَتْلُ بِالْقُرَّاءِ فِي الْمَوَاطِنِ كُلِّهَا، فَيَذْهَبَ قُرْآنٌ كَثِيرٌ وَإِنِّي أَرَى أَنْ تَأْمُرَ بِجَمْعِ الْقُرْآنِ، قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ لِعُمَرَ: كَيْفَ أَفْعَلُ شَيْئًا لَمْ يَفْعَلْهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ؟ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ: هُوَ وَاللَّهِ خَيْرٌ، فَلَمْ يَزَلْ يُرَاجِعُنِي فِي ذَلِكَ حَتَّى شَرَحَ اللَّهُ صَدْرِي لِلَّذِي شَرَحَ لَهُ صَدْرَ عُمَرَ، وَرَأَيْتُ فِيهِ الَّذِي رَأَى، قَالَ زَيْدٌ: قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ: إِنَّكَ شَابٌّ عَاقِلٌ لَا نَتَّهِمُكَ، قَدْ كُنْتَ تَكْتُبُ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْوَحْيَ فَتَتَبَّعِ الْقُرْآنَ، قَالَ: فَوَاللَّهِ لَوْ كَلَّفُونِي نَقْلَ جَبَلٍ مِنَ الْجِبَالِ مَا كَانَ أَثْقَلَ عَلَيَّ مِنْ ذَلِكَ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ: كَيْفَ تَفْعَلُونَ شَيْئًا لَمْ يَفْعَلْهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ؟ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ: هُوَ وَاللَّهِ خَيْرٌ، فَلَمْ يَزَلْ يُرَاجِعُنِي فِي ذَلِكَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ، وَعُمَرُ حَتَّى شَرَحَ اللَّهُ صَدْرِي لِلَّذِي شَرَحَ لَهُ صَدْرَهُمَا صَدْرَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ، وَعُمَرَ، فَتَتَبَّعْتُ الْقُرْآنَ أَجْمَعُهُ مِنَ الرِّقَاعِ، وَالْعُسُبِ، وَاللِّخَافِ يَعْنِي الْحِجَارَةَ، وَصُدُورِ الرِّجَالِ، فَوَجَدْتُ آخِرَ سُورَةِ بَرَاءَةٌ مَعَ خُزَيْمَةَ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ لَقَدْ جَاءَكُمْ رَسُولٌ مِنْ أَنْفُسِكُمْ عَزِيزٌ عَلَيْهِ مَا عَنِتُّمْ حَرِيصٌ عَلَيْكُمْ بِالْمُؤْمِنِينَ رَءُوفٌ رَحِيمٌ 128 فَإِنْ تَوَلَّوْا فَقُلْ حَسْبِيَ اللَّهُ لا إِلَهَ إِلا هُوَ عَلَيْهِ تَوَكَّلْتُ وَهُوَ رَبُّ الْعَرْشِ الْعَظِيمِ 129 سورة التوبة آية 128-129 ، قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى: هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ.
Explanation
تفسير الحديث
This hadith addresses the event of collecting the Quran during the time of the first caliph, Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq. Following the death of many Quran reciters in the Battle of Yamama, Umar ibn al-Khattab expressed his concern about the potential loss of the Quran due to the deaths of its memorizers. He discussed the necessity of compiling the Quran with Abu Bakr, emphasizing that this was crucial as many reciters were dying. Initially, Abu Bakr hesitated, feeling that this action had not been done by the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). However, after Umar's persistent persuasion, Abu Bakr began to see the wisdom in the idea. They then appointed Zaid ibn Thabit to undertake the task of collecting the Quran. Zaid expressed his reluctance, stating that it would be more difficult for him than moving a mountain, but Abu Bakr trusted him due to his history as a scribe of the Prophet. Zaid then began to gather the Quran from various sources, such as parchments, palm fronds, stones, and the memories of people, successfully compiling it. He found the last verses of Surah At-Tawbah with Khuzaymah ibn Thabit. This event highlights the importance of preserving the Quran and ensuring its accurate transmission, while also reflecting the spirit of collaboration among the companions in safeguarding their faith.
هذا الحديث يتحدث عن حادثة جمع القرآن في عهد الخليفة الأول أبو بكر الصديق. بعد مقتل عدد كبير من حفظة القرآن في معركة اليمامة، أبدى عمر بن الخطاب قلقه من استشهاد القراء، مما قد يؤدي إلى ضياع القرآن الكريم. تحدث مع أبو بكر حول ضرورة جمع القرآن، والذي كان يعتبر أمرًا جديدًا لأنه لم يفعله الرسول محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم. أبو بكر في البداية تردد، حيث كان يشعر بأن هذا الأمر غير تقليدي. لكن بعد أن أصر عمر على وجهة نظره، وبدأ أبو بكر بالاقتناع، قررا أن يقوم زيد بن ثابت بجمع القرآن. زيد أظهر reluctance وأعرب عن صعوبة المهمة، ولكن أبو بكر وثق به لأنه كان كاتب وحي للنبي صلى الله عليه وسلم. بدأ زيد في جمع القرآن من مواد مكتوبة مختلفة مثل الرقاع والألواح وصدور الرجال، وبالفعل أمكنه جمع القرآن وترتيبه، حيث وجد آخر آيات السورة في يد خزيمة بن ثابت. هذه الحادثة تُظهر أهمية الحفاظ على القرآن الكريم والتأكد من نقله بشكل صحيح، وتعكس أيضًا روح التعاون بين الصحابة في الحفاظ على الدين.
Source: Jami' Al-Tirmidhi by Abu `Isa Muhammad at-Tirmidhi